|
Identification Clues:
This is actually a large shrub, not a tree,
even though it is mistaken for one because it will reach heights of 15
feet or more. It has smooth red-brown to gray-brown twigs that are usually
tipped with a small spine. Buds are alternate on the branch, but so close
that they could be mistaken as opposite. Leaves are simple ovals that are
finely serrate with prominent veins. Inconspicuous, yellowish-green male
and female flowers grow separately on the same plant. Buckthorn fruits
are small purple-black berries, each containing 4 seeds. They ripen in
September and remain on the plant into December.
Distribution:
This species is also called European buckthorn
because it is native to Europe and Asia and was introduced into the United
States as an ornamental plant. It has escaped into the wild because of
birds' fondness for its berries.
Highlights:
The fruits of this shrub are a favorite food
of birds. For this reason, buckthorn grows wild wherever birds perch, especially
in shelterbelts and fencerows. The fruit may look appetizing, however,
it is a strong laxative and was used as such by the pioneers. This feature
is why the species name is cathartica. |
