This exam will be open book.  You should come to the exam with a blank bluebook to write your answers in.
The exam covers the historical lectures and the course reading to this point: Pilgrim’s Progress, Perrault’s fairy tales, and Alice in Wonderland/Through the Looking Glass.

I. Identifications (40 points – 20 minutes)

You will be asked to provide brief (one or two sentence) identifications of 10 of the following characters, events, or things from the course reading.  You should identify both which book the term appears in (consider the two Alice books separately) and the significance of that term.

E.g.: “Tin Woodman” = “One of the three companions who help Dorothy on her trip to the Emerald City in The Wonderful Wizard of Oz.  He is seeking a heart.”

II. Short Answers (20 points – 10 minutes)

You will be given five of the following questions.  Answer each one in no more than one or two sentences.

1. Why does the second part of Pilgrim’s Progress repeat the same journey as the first part, with slightly different details?
2. What was the actual event that inspired Charles Dodgson (Lewis Carroll) to write Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland?
3. From a psychoanalytic perspective, what is the significance of Sleeping Beauty’s long “nap”?
4. Based on his fairy tales, briefly describe what Charles Perrault would see as “proper” feminine behavior.
5. Why did a children’s book publishing industry emerge in the mid-18th century, and not earlier?
6. Briefly identify the philosophical concept about the nature of reality presented by the Red King’s dream in Through the Looking Glass.
7. How did Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland change the approach to writing children’s books?
8. Why was Perrault’s “Puss in Boots” (aka “The Master Cat”) attacked for being amoral by some readers?
9. How did Charles Perrault come to write the fairy tales in his collection?
10. Why isn’t Christian’s journey finished when he encounters the cross and the bundle falls from his back, signifying the redemption of his sins by Christ’s sacrifice?
11. Why is John Amos Comenius’s Orbis Pictus an important landmark in the development of picture books?
12. What is the internal evidence that Bunyan understood children to be at least part of the audience for Pilgrim’s Progress?
13. Why is Christian’s experience in the Valley of Humiliation so different from that of Christiana and Mercy?
14. How do Alice’s size changes in Wonderland reflect one of the themes of the book? (Don’t forget to identify the theme.)
15. What role did the English philosopher John Locke have in the development of children’s literature?

III. Essay Question (40 points – 20 minutes)

You will be asked to write a coherent essay, supporting your answer with specific points from the course texts, in response to one of the following questions.  You will be able to choose be-tween two of the questions.

1. “Regardless of the author’s intentions, all writing for children implicitly seeks to teach lessons in how to behave.”  Based on your knowledge of early children’s literature, respond to this claim, either supporting or refuting it.  In your answer, refer to specific elements of each of the texts we have read.

2. “In a sense, most children’s novels are about ‘growing up’ – i.e., even if the characters are not children at all, at least one and possibly other characters grow in knowledge or maturity through their experiences.”  Based on your knowledge of early children’s literature, respond to this claim, either supporting or refuting it.  In your answer, refer to specific elements of each of the texts we have read.

3. The characters of both John Bunyan and Charles Perrault behave differently depend-ing on their gender.  Identify the behavioral “ideals” for males and females  as these two authors establish them, considering the following pairs of characters: Christian/Christiana; Sleeping Beauty/Tom Thumb; and Cinderella/Ricky of the Tuft.  Then, examine the character of Alice as Lewis Carroll presents her; is her behavior more like that of the males or females as seen in the earlier authors?  Point to specific aspects of the characters that support your answer.