English 240 - Illustrated  Books
Summer Session II, 1998
 
 Jan Brett (1949- )

Life
    Brett was born and grew up in Massachusetts and continues to live there, dividing her time between her home in Norwell, along the South Shore, and a summer home in the Berkshires.  As a child, she very early decided she wanted to be a picture book illustrator, and she attributes her creativity in part to her mother's encouragement. She says that as a child she "felt drawn into the pages of her picture books" and she tries to achieve the same effect with her own work - "to gain verisimilitude, she uses real people and places as models." (SATA)  She studied at the Boston Museum of Fine Arts School to develop her abilities, and began her career as an illustrator with Woodland Crossings (written by Stephen Krensky) in 1978; she has illustrated several books by Eve Bunting, among others, and has done several adaptations of folk material, including Goldilocks and the Three Bears (1987) and The Mitten (1989).  In 1981 she created her first entirely self-generated work, Fritz and the Beautiful Horses.  Many of her books employ folk-art motifs from Eastern Europe or Scandinavia.
     Brett is married to a member of the Boston Symphony, which helps to understand the interest in music expressed in Berlioz.  Between his work and hers, they travel abroad freuently, where she researches architecture and costumes for her books.
 

Berlioz the Bear
     This book was published in 1991, the sixth self-illustrated book that Brett produced.  It was selected as one of the best books of the year by Newsweek, by the American Bookseller, and by the New Yorker.
    Berlioz the Bear is based on a traditional folk tale type, in which a problem occurs and a chain of creatures each in turn attempts to resolve the difficulty.  Several popular children's books have been created around such tales, notably The Enormous Carrot or The Enormous Turnip, in which whole communities of creatures must be called in to pull the eponymous vegetable from the ground.  The specific tale presented here - the musician who is perplexed by a buzzing sound in his instrument - was inspired by her husband, who plays the double bass.  According to Brett, once when she was at an outdoor concert, she wondered what kind of animal might fit in her husband's instrument (here we can see a fascination with animals inhabiting strange environments, which is a feature of her books The Mitten, The Hat, and The Umbrella).  She asked her husband if his instrument was ever affected by the weather, and he told her that dry weather could take moisture from the wood, resulting in a buzzing sound - hence the decision to put a bee inside the bass.  Berlioz and his fellow musicians are modeled on her husband Joe and other BSO musicians.
     If an ordinary picture book can be said to contain three stories (the story of the words, the story of the pictures, and the story produced by both combined), Brett's books may be seen to have at least one additional story -- the contrapuntal story taking place in the frame.  One reviewer, noting that the borders and side panel offer aspects of the story not included in the main text and pictures, described the story of the borders as "a story around a story" (Pat Ross, qtd. in SATA); Brett herself says "Often I put borders in my books to contain the overflow of thoughts." (SATA) The frame in Berlioz is particularly adapted to this story, as it resembles the proscenium of a theatrical stage or orchestra shell; frames in her other works are also appropriate to a theme or cultural element in the story as a whole.
     The elaborate borders have become a kind of trademark for Brett, as has the recurrence of certain animals in her art (even if not directly acknowledged in the text) -- e.g., the hedgehogs seen in the title page and frames of Berlioz).  Her work often focuses on animals and uses material from European folklore.

     The composer Hector Berlioz (1803-1869) was "the greatest musical figure in the French Romantic movement" (Oxford Companion to Music) and was renowned for his numerous love affairs as well as for his music.  He particularly liked large orchestral pieces with an enormous orchestra; Berlioz the Bear's orchestra, in contrast, is fairly small and compact, and the story's setting is Bavaria.  It thus seems likely that Brett chose the name for its alliterative qualities rather than for any direct allusion to the composer or his work.
 

Other Internet Resources on Jan Brett: Return to Wally Hastings' Children's Literature Page
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This page last updated on July 22, 2004.