"The Sleeping Beauty in the Wood"
With Perrault's version of this story, we begin
to approach more closely to the tale familiar to most contemporary readers.
If Basile's version emphasized adult concerns such
as marital fidelity and inheritance, Perrault's eliminates much of this
concern by replacing the adulterous king with an unmarried prince, and
substituting an ogreish mother-in-law for Basile's betrayed wife.
This French version also establishes the well-known spindle as the mechanism
for causing the girl's sleep - as Patricia Hannon has noted, the spinning
wheel "[f]orcibly symboliz[es] women's work," so that the initiation of
a period of sexual latency (in Bettelheim's argument) or contained sensuality
(in Hannon's terms) also corresponds with the limitation of women's sphere
by adult labor. Perrault also introduces the motif of the fairy gifts
at the baby's christening, including the overlooked guest whose anger leads
to the curse on the infant; later literary fairy-tale writers such as George
MacDonald would make good satiric use of this motif, widely recognized
as part of the "Sleeping Beauty" tale.
However, Perrault retains the disturbing cannibalism of Basile's story.
Hannon interprets the prince's ogress mother as a mark of the alternative
female stereotype to passivity - i.e., woman as threat that must be eliminated
from the social body. Note that the story ends with the dangerous
female destroyed and the passive, "safe" female (the sleeping beauty) established
in her place as the new queen. The cannibalism is sufficiently disturbing
that many editions intended for children remove this part of the story,
or substitute the Grimms' version, which ends
with the awakening and marriage.
This was the first story in Perrault's collection. The Opies link
it to the story of Brynhild in the Volsungasaga - fearing that she will
be forced to marry a coward, the heroine is protected by Odin (the chief
of the Norse gods) by being placed in a castle surrounded with a fiery
barrier, then put into a deep, magical sleep until a sufficiently brave
hero should rescue her.
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