There are many mistakes here.  Use with caution--or, better yet, see my notes on this material.

Byzantium

I) 3 major periods of medieval history
  A) Early 325-1000
  B) High 1000-1300
  C) Late 1300-1500
II) Byzantium
  A) Constantine : rebuilding / Christianization of the Roman Empire
    1) 313-357 as emperor of Rome
    2) problems facing the empire
      i) internal conflict - six other generals vying for power
      ii) Barbarian invasions - Persian invasions
      iii) restoring morals
        a) the people had broken down morals in old Rome
      iv) many previous emperors had addressed these problems and the had failed
      v) Constantine uses Christianity as a form of goodness to connect the empire
    3) Moves capital to Constantinople
      i) tried to shake up old ways by moving capital
      ii) great location to make reforms
        a) great place to protect eastern Roman empire
        b) along great trade route
        c) located in the Christianize area of the Roman empire
          1) upto 50% of easterners are Christian
        d) constructs Christian churches, old Roman worship places were tainted with paganism
        e) hippodrome - chariot racing
          1) no bloody gladiators
    4) Christianization of the empire
      i) uses church to change people from within in stead of external
      ii) 50 yrs later, empire is completely Christianize
      iii) new Christian empire did not regard rulers as God's - they were Gods representives
        a) Constantine was called the 13th apostle
      iv) provides ethical guidance - emotional fulfillment
      v) Physical security
        a) cut down on civil war
        b) barbarians in north alps
          1) crossed the Rhine / Danube to invade, many times they converted instead of fighting
          2) Emperor used barbarians as the fighters against future invaders
  C) Justinian and Theodora
    1) used to be barbarians - they converted
    2) Justinian rose through the military ranks to become the emperor
    3) Emperorship
      i) Rome was lost to the barbarians
      ii) Nika Riots
        a) green and blue sports fans riot against each other
        b) Justinian arrests the leaders of both the green and the blues
        c) They decide to join forces and riot together against Justinian
        d) 30,000 people die before the riots are put down
*Theodora was Justinian wife who used to be a prostitute
 - this shows the forgiving nature of the Christian religion
      iii) rebuilding Rome
        a) Built Hagia Sophia which was a great church
        b) fortifies eastern empire
        c) tries to reconquer western empire
      iv) rebuilds morality
        a) way to many laws existed - made lawyers sort through them and create a law code
          1) adds Christian morals and philosophy to the law code
          2) best law code the world had ever seen
  D) Ways in which Byzantine empire was not so Christian
    1) Cruelty
      i) Basil the Bulger slayer
        a) wins a military victory and captures 14,000 bulgers
        b) pokes out bulgers eyes and left 10% of them with one eye to lead the rest home
    2) Religious divisions : Christological controversies
      i) Nature of Jesus
        a) Arianism - said that Jesus was created by God - and he had not always existed
          1) Had bishops from the empire form to meet and decide if this was a proper way to philosophize about Christianity - Bishops vote that the Arians are heretics at an Ecumenical Council at Nicaea - also developed Nicaean creed
        b) homousaious vs. homoiusaious (there is a difference in the spelling, notice the "i")
          1) argument about the essence of Jesus
            i) homousaious say that the essence of Jesus is of like matter of god
            ii) homoiusaious say that the essence of Jesus is of the same matter as god
           2) ecumenical council is held and the "like essence" people are called heretics
        c) Theotokos - is Mary the birth giver or mother of god
          1) all who say birth giver are condemned as heretics
        d) natures of Jesus, does he have a full human and full god nature?
          1) those who think this , Monophysite, are called heretics
        e) monothelites - both natures of Jesus are after the same goal =  heretics
        f) monoergasistes - Jesus is made of two common engeries = heretics
*Note - you probably don't need to know the details of these controversies, just know that the church went on a mad rash of condemning people heretics.
*I do know some of the details behind these controversies if you would like a deeper explanation to use on a test or something - study group every Monday and Wednesday at 7 in mj347.
*Note - people are arguing about nothing, these question that the church is trying to answer mean very little to the Christian faith, but they allowed simple disputes in philosophy to divide the church and divide the Roman empire.
    3) iconoclastic controversy
      i) Byzantine churches were filled with images of Christian art
      ii) controversy started by going to the ten commandments and the rule about worshiping idols and graven images
      iii) agreement was that Jesus was an image, and anyone holding the view that there should be no images was anti-Jesus.