Late Middle Ages II
I) Peasants revolt
A) English Army's were stealing from the French peasants
1) French knights stole also and they were scared
to fight the English
B) Peasants in France / England were getting taxed very heavily
C) major revolts across Europe soon start to break out
1) France Jacquerie 1358
i) Felt the knights were exploiting
the peasants - peasants wanted to kill all the knights
ii) went against the knights with sticks
and knives while the knights were unprepared
iii) went from house to house killing
the knight and his family
iv) grew from around 100 people to more
than 6000 - it spread very fast
a) the more horrific the
things they did to the knight and family, the more praise the peasant recieved
b) was a payback thing against
the knights - knights did the same thing before
v) Tension between classes lead to this
revolt
vi) knights eventually team up and kill
1000's of peasants
vii) knights and peasants are very uneasy
with each other after revolt
II) Loss of Leadership
A) France suffered from a lack of competent kings for over 100
years
1) there was a lot of inbreeding in the French court
B) England's kings dont provide leadership because they were
more worried about the war
C) Holy Roman Emperors
1) dont get along with the Popes
2) destroyed authority of the Emperors
D) Papacy (Religious leaders)
1) Babylonian Captivity 1309-1376
i) Avignon, France is were the Pope
resided during this time period
a) Philip IV and Popes had
problems
b) To ease tensions, the
bishops select a French Pope
1) Pope hated
Rome
2) He moves
to France
3) This undermines
the claim to the leadership of the Church
i) The bishop of Rome was ussually in charge of the Church because he would
be the recipiant of the authority of Peter when Peter was the Bishop of
Rome
ii) Pope has no authority over the church because he is not the bishop
of Rome
iii) Bishops head back to Rome - Italians put pressure on the Bishops to
choose an Itailian Pope
c) Bishops select an Itailian
Pope
1) Cleans up
corruption
2) Great Papal Schism 1378-1415
i) Italian Pope claims power - attempted
to get the support of the people
ii) French Pop claims power - attempted
to get the support of the people
iii) 1409 council held at Pisa decides
who is the real Pope
a) They decide to choose
a brand new Pope
b) Then all 3 claim to be
the Pope
iv) 1415 the issue is decided on one
Pope
a) Damage had been done
to the Papacy which it has yet to recover